The municipality of Vicopisano is in Pisa and has a population of 7900 inhabitants. The church of Santa Maria and San Giovanni Battista , the Palazzo Pretorio, the Fortress of the Verruca, the Torre del Mastio and the Tower of Brunelleschi can be visited inside the town.

In the ancient times, the area of Vicopisano benefited from a very important strategic position, being at the confluence of the Arno river, which links Pisa with the sea, and the Auser river, which crosses the territory of Lucca and flows into the Lake of Bientina.
Human settlements date to the V century B.C. at least, even though a more meaningful development of the village took place around the X century. At that time, the Obertenghi Counts were present in this area and they built the Castle of Auserissola.
Besides providing a safe refuge, the Castle became the centre of the economic trade in the area. Soon, the inhabitants of the adjoining village of Vicus flocked to this place and created the Vicus Auserissola.
In the XI century, the fortalice was taken by the archbishopric of Pisa that had numerous estates in the area. In 1230, the village became a harbour office of the Pisan republic and a rich merchant's family came to live here because they understood the importance of the river port to carry goods into the Tuscan inland.
Once it became a city, Vicopisano stopped its growth because of Pisa's unrelenting military defeats. In effect, Genoa attacked it by sea and the alliance between Lucca and Florence harassed it by land.
In 1330, further fortifications were carried out, but a twist of fate happened with the fatidic year 1406, when almost all the rural and fluvial Pisan areas turned their back on the seaport republic to yield to Florence. Vicopisano was no exception. The policy of Florence privileged the centre that, thanks to its commercial importance, was not deprived of its defences but it was further strengthened with the building of the New Fortress in 1434.
The town also became the basis of the Valdiserchio and Lower Valdarno's vicariate.
With the success of the Medicean dynasty, the phase of recovery of all the city-states of the Pisan country started.The Florentine rulers showed great interest towards them.
In 1560, Cosimo I established the beginning of numerous arrangement works of the water resources, such as turning the course of the Arno river and drying up the nearby Lake of Bientina. Besides, a new road was marked out.
At the confluence of the Arno river the Ximeniane Cataracts, projected by Leonardo Ximenes, are still visible today.
While a meaningful agricultural activity was consolidating in Vicopisano, the passage from the Medici to the Hapsburg-Lorraine, the dynasty that gave life to the Tuscan Grand Duchy, was occurring.
With the administrative rearrangement of 1776, Vicopisano became an autonomous "comunitas" with the integration of numerous neighbouring territories.
The agriculture reforms created a new class of small landowners that substituted the more exclusive class of the feudatories. In the second half of the XIX century, the river trade started its phase of absolute decadence after the realization of the Leopolda Railway.
After World War II, the industrial development of the town, based on a century-old handicraft tradition, started to take form.