The town of Vaglia is in the province of Florence at 290 m of altitude. It has a population of about 5000 inhabitants. The Sanctuary of Montesenario and the churches of St. Peter and of San Romolo a Bivigliano can be admired in the town.

The Liguri were the first inhabitants of the territory. Later, an Etruscan community, administered by the powerful Fiesole, settled the area. Later, the Romans substituted the Etruscans. In the Christian times, numerous built-up areas, depending upon the rural churches called "pievi", began to develop. The first information on the parish of San Pietro a Vaglia dates to 983 and it is reported in an imperial document signed by Otto II. From this moment on, the country expanded until its current dimensions.
Until the XIV century, a bishop governed Vaglia. Since the XIV century, the territory was added to Florence in the quarter of Santa Maria Novella and it entered the League of Tagliaferro that included numerous bordering centres. The League was incorporated in the Vicariate of Scarperia in 1551 and it remained there until the Napoleonic occupation at the beginning of the XIX century.
With the establishment of the Tuscan Grand Duchy in the second half of the XVIII century, Vaglia lived a period of growth and development. This was possible thanks to the construction of the "Regia Postale Bolognese" road, above all, wanted by Pietro Leopoldo. The "Bolognese" road became the starting point for housing and for the local entrepreneurship, that became more flourishing when they participated to the construction of bridges and walls. Consequently, an intense renovation of churches and other historical buildings was commenced.
In the XIX century, Vaglia earned its status as a free town, taking advantage of the great changes occurred in the periods of the Napoleonic occupation and of the Italian Risorgimento. A plebiscite annexed the newly-born town to the Savoia's new Italy in 1860. As other centres of the Florentine territory, Vaglia benefited from the construction of numerous railways, such as the Florence-Faenza railway. During the Second World War, the territories of Vaglia, which were an important point of contact between partisans and English troops, were bombarded and suffered retaliations by the Germans. The destruction of the railway occurred and it was restored during the last years, only.