The town of Sambuca Pistoiese is in the province of Pistoia but it lies in the Northern side of the Apennine, near the Padana Valley. The Sanctuary of Santa Maria del Giglio, Villa Gargallo, the castle of Sambuca and the church of San Giacomo can be admired inside the town.

The reasons of the growth of a village connected to Tuscany in such a geographical position must be traced back to the Lombards' arrival. Between the VII and the VIII century and after they had conquered Pistoia, they decided to garrison the borders with the Byzantine Exarchate through a series of fortifications, some of which belong to Emilia, today. In 727, the Lombard king Liutprando finally could conquer Bologna, but part of his subjects had already settled in the area definitively.
With the enlargement of the Sacred Roman Empire, new feudatories substituted the Lombard seigniories in this area. Among them there was the bishop of Pistoia, whose dominions were just in the valley of the Limentra, the place where Sambuca rises today, as an imperial bull of 998 signed by Otto III confirms. One of the bishops of Pistoia, Martino, started the construction of the castle of Sambuca in the XI century. One century later, the inhabitants of this place wanted to conquer it. In 1104, the intercession of Matilde of Canossa's tribunal, yet, settled the dominion of the curia. One year later, the free city-state of Pistoia was born, and Sambuca became the main fortified Northern outpost, in particular during the war between the Tuscan city and Bologna throughout the XII century. At the end of the conflict in 1211, Pistoia annexed many other villages in Limentra (that today are part of the town of Sambuca) and gave the castle back to the bishop.
Sambuca issued its first statutes in 1291, but it definitively detached from the feudal seigniory of the bishopric only between 1311 and 1368, when Pistoia first bought the castle and then the ancient Episcopal rights. In 1402, it became part of the Florentine Republic and, in this case, too, it turned out to be one of its most important bulwarks in the front of the Emilia region.
In the Grand Ducal time, the territory of the modern town was divided between the Capitanato della Montagna and the Town Hall of Montale that incorporated Treppio and Torri. Their reunification into one single "comunitas" took place in 1824, only.