The town of Pergine Valdarno is in the valley that was disputed by Arezzo, Siena and Florence for centuries. Pergine, which it is set at 361 m. of altitude and has a population of about 3,000 inhabitants, houses the church of San Michele Arcangelo and the Museum of Industrial Archaeology. In the surroundings, the protected area of Valle Inferno and Bandella can be visited.

The first historical information on the town of Pergine Valdarno regards the development and the diffusion of parishes in the Early Middle Ages. Nevertheless, archaeological finds have revealed some evidences of human settlements dating to prehistory. The first men had come to live near watercourses. The Romans, too, linked their presence here to the exploitation of the many streams of the area. In effect, an ancient lead tablet with a Latin inscription celebrating the Nymphs, namely water goddesses, has been found in a place called Bagni.
Parishes and fortified villages became the protagonists of Valdarno's social life with the diffusion of Christianity and the process of construction of castles in Tuscany. Therefore, bishops and feudatories of the new empire fought for the possession of these territories at this time. The castle of Pergine was first cited in a document of 1056, according to which the castle belonged to the Abbey of Prataglia. Later, during the XII century, the powerful Abbey of Agnano in Val d'Ambra got possession of it.
In 1349, the abbot of the monastery of Agnano decided to give the properties of the abbey to the Florentine Republic to avoid the powerful groups of Ghibelline nobles who aimed at annexing the Valdarno: the Ubertini, the Tarlati and the Pazzi with connections to Arezzo. It was thanks to the investments made by the Florentine bourgeoisie, after Pergine's definitive annexation in 1350, that the land faming system developed and estates and farmhouses were born. Agriculture was the driving force of local economy until the rise of industry in the XX century.
The reorganization wanted by Cosimo I laid the foundations of what would have become the town of Pergine Valdarno. In 1568, therefore, the area of the "Cinque Comuni dela Val d'Ambra", including the territories of Badia di Agnano, Migliari, Montozzi, San Pancrazio and Pergine, was founded. This is how Pergine and all the towns of the Tuscan Grand Duchy, entered the Kingdom of Italy in the fateful 1860.