The town of Lucignano with its almost 3,500 inhabitants is in the province of Arezzo. This chief town is on a relief opposite to the one of the ancient Medicean fortress and it overlooks the Val di Chiana from an altitude that exceeds 400 m. a.s.l. The church of St. Francis and the Collegiata can be visited in this town.

The town's name recalls its founders, the Roman family of the Licinia and the following arrival of Lucius Sulla who conquered it in the I century. It appeared in some acts of the abbey of Agnano in Val d'Ambra from the XI century on. Yet, its history was not much documented until the XIII century. it can only be imagined that it was a free city-state or a small village and in both cases its territories were controlled by Arezzo's Episcopal curia.
During the XIII and the XIV century, Siena, Arezzo, Florence and Perugia followed one another in ruling Lucignano. The town inherited its current town emblem from Perugia that started to govern it in 1336. Around 1390, Siena obtained the rule of the area with the help of Gian Galeazzo Visconti's army from Milan. Lucignano remained under the aegis of the city of the Palio until 1553, when Florence conquered the town and set it at the head of a vicariate with Monte San Savino.
The Medici's dominion in the XVI century, above all, was characterized by remarkable changes in the layout of the town and a particular attention was given to the above-said Medicean Fortress. The Grand Duke Cosimo I settled these works, mainly, in the ambit of a wider defence plan in the territories of Arezzo. Te Sanctuary of the Madonna delle Querce, attributed to Vasari (1568), the monastery of the Capuccini friars (1580), the church of the Misericordia (1582) and the Collegiata (1594) also rose in the wake of these works. As far as the fortress is concerned, the political stability of the XVII and the XVIII century caused its decay. It was not finished and only part of it has remained.