The town of Foiano della Chiana is in the province of Arezzo at 318 m. a.s.l. of altitude with a population of about 7,500 inhabitants. Inside, the XV-century churches of St. Michele and St. Francis and the XVIII-century Collegiata can be visited inside the town..

This chief town and its hamlet, Pozzo, have very ancient origins tracing back to the Etruscan civilization. The settlements in the two villages date to the time between the VI and the IV century b.C. This area probably depopulated in the first centuries of the Middle Ages, but without any doubt Foiano existed in the year 1000 and its territory was under the Sienese domination.
In the XIII century, the power of the Bishopric of Arezzo was settled in the area and it exercised its seigniory on the surrounding country. Yet, in 1336, the Florentines conquered the village of Foiano. They immediately started building the mighty town walls in the shape of an octagon with red bricks and menacing defence towers above that surrounded the village. The battle between Florence and Arezzo for the territory of Foiano continued through all the XV century, but the result was always favourable to the Republic that also annexed the rebel town of Pozzo in 1436.
In the Modern Age characterized by the domination of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, the Medici, firs, and the Hapsburg-Lorraine, later, mainly engaged in the reclamations of the area. These works were repeated cyclically from 1523 until beyond the first half of the XIX century and continued after the town of Foiano della Chiana was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy through a Plebiscite in 1860.
From the beginning, the town boasted a remarkable political tradition and it was one of the first parties to have the town council composed of a majority of members from the people's party. This caused disagreements and sometime violent clashes with the representatives of the Fascist party that got the power in 1922. During World War II, therefore, numerous clandestine movements rose with the aim to sabotage and obstacle the Nazi-Fascist occupation after the Armistice.