The municipality of Cetona is in the province of Siena at 385 m. asl of latitude and it has a population of about 2000 inhabitants.The Prehistoric Civic Museum of the Cetona Mount and the Collegiata, built in the XIII century, can be admired here.

The Castle of Cetona appeared at the half of the Middle Ages in a territory that was previously populated by the Etrurians and the Romans. Its first document dates back to the XIII century and it reports that the stronghold was a feud belonging to the Earl Ildebrandino, even though the bitter dispute between the free communes of Siena and Orvieto was looming on the territory in the same century.
In 1260, the heirs of the Earl Ildebrandino yielded Cetona to the commune of Orvieto that would dominate outright for at least one century. Around the first half of the XIV century, the Umbrian city's power started to weaken and it started to lose control over its large estate, also because of the pressure of some expanding Perugia families behind which the State of the Church was concealed.
Around 1367, the pontiff Gregory XI obtained the control over Cetona and he passed it on to the Earls Monaldeschi of Cervara in 1375. Nevertheless, the changeover of property did not finish and in 1418 Braccio da Montone handed the territory over to the Republic of Siena through a successful action. It was the city of the Palio to carry out the main fortification works after the occupation by Iacopo Piccinino's troops in 1455.
With Siena, Cetona became part of the Tuscan Grand Duchy governed by the Medicis, and the Tuscan countryside began a new period of feudalization. Therefore, in 1558, Cosimo I passed the town on to the Vitelli family as a marquisate. Yet, at the end of the XVI century, the territory was reintegrated into the borders of the Grand Duchy and it definitely abandoned the feudal era. Later, it became part of the Italian Monarchy in 1860 together with the Grand Duchy.