The Parish of San Leonardo is an ancient church of uncertain origins rising in Cerreto Guidi near the Medicean Villa.

The first time the name of San Leonardo appeared was in 1302, in reference to the collection of tithes of the churches of Lucca. In effect, at that time Cerreto Guidi was incorporated in the diocese of Lucca to which it belonged until 1622. The belfry seems to confirm the dating of the parish to the XIV century, when the future parish might have risen as the chapel of the Rocca dei Guidi. In 1416, the Parish of San Leonardo was joined the parish of San Pietro under the patronage of the Adimari family.
The story of this dynasty suddenly stopped at the half of the XVI century. Their goods were expropriated, including the Parish, because they were involved in a conspiracy against the Medici in 1558. The parish was first given to the council of the Nove del Contado, a magistracy that was born to use these distrained goods, and then it belonged to the Capitolo of the Cathedral of Santo Stefano of Prato. Thus, the Medici became its owners because they were the proprietor of the Dome of Prato at the time.
In the years, the church underwent remarkable interventions, first of all the one of 1595 after a plan of adjustment of sacred places connected to the Counter-Reformation. Yet, the building assumed its current appearance from 1827, only. A XVIII-century printing and a plan drawn by the Ruggieri in the same period testify the old structure of the Parish.
Works of art coming from altars dating to the XVI-XVII centuries that do not exist any more are kept in the church. Among these works there are a painted wooden Crucifix dating to the end of the XVI century, a "Madonna adorata dai santi Paolo e Leonardo" by Leonardo Malatesta and an "Apparizione della Madonna a San Bernardo alla presenza dei santi Girolamo e Michele" attributed to Scalabrino (these two works date to the XV-XVI centuries).
There is also a XV-century antiphonary by Mariotto di Nardo (1394-1424, approximately). The Parish also houses a font decorated with high-reliefs that illustrate the life of Saint John the Baptist. Earthen works by Giovanni della Robbia, member of a famous dynasty of Tuscan ceramicists, are among the works and date to 1511.